A new study has sought ways to keep emergency responders safe on roads. 

Scientists have analysed 295 survey responses from law enforcement officers, firefighters, emergency medical staff and traffic management responders, detailing emergency incidents on fast roads in Victoria. 

The study by Monash University found that outcomes were better when responders' roles were clearly defined, with fewer near misses and secondary incidents. 

When safety management activities are shared across agencies, the experts say there is a higher chance that clarity about roles will be lost. 

Other factors that improved outcomes were being motivated by safety, and being willing to speak out about safety concerns, although the latter only helped prevent near misses, not secondary incidents. 

Surprisingly, involvement in safety compliance training did not affect outcomes, the researchers add. 

The experts hope their findings can be used to improve safety procedures for emergency responders.

The full paper is accessible here.